Text and figures of my PhD thesis.

Chapter 1

File Description
Text chapter I Introduction
figure 1 Principle of the experiments
figure 2 Classical perfect conductor
figure 3 Cluster in electric field
figure 4 Sodium cluster polarizabilities

Chapter 2

File Description
Text chapter II The molecular beam machine
figure 5 The machine overview
figure 6 Laser ablation source
figure 7 Cryogenic cluster source
figure 8 High voltage electric plates
figure 9 Deflection geometry
figure 10 Speed measurement
figure 11 Beam chopped mechanically
figure 12 Times of the experiments
figure 13 Sequence of the experiment
figure 14 Mass spectrometer
figure 15 Spectrum at high resolution
figure 16 Mass and position sensitivity
figure 17 Spectrum of niobium

Chapter 3

File Description
Text chapter III Experiments with Nb
figure 18 Deflection niobium 17
figure 19 Polarizability of Nb at 300K
figure 20 Deflection Nb15 v. voltage
figure 21 Deflection profiles of Nb
figure 22 Deflections of Nb14 at 50K
figure 23 Length of Nb14 tail
figure 24 Dipoles measured from tail
figure 25 Niobium polarizability at 20K
figure 26 Ferroelectric fraction
figure 27 Extended fraction
figure 28 Model Ti-C60
figure 29 Stark diagram
figure 30 Fraction niobium 30
figure 31 Dipole from model
figure 32 Transition temperature Tg from the model
figure 33 Magnetic deflections, niobium
figure 34 More magnetic deflections
figure 35 Magnetic deflection Nb22
figure 36 Magnetic deflection Nb23
figure 37 Magnetic moments, niobium
figure 38 Theoretical deflection profiles
figure 39 Second moment of magnetic deflections
figure 40 Comparing ferroelectricity and magnetism

Chapter 4

File Description
Text chapter IV Experiments with Ta and V
figure 41 Polarizability of V at 300K
figure 42 Polarizability of Ta at 300K
figure 43 Ferroelectric fraction for V
figure 44 Ferroelectric fraction for Ta
figure 45 Tg for vanadium
figure 46 Tg for tantalum
figure 47 Ferroelectric fraction for Nb alloy

Chapter 5

File Description
Text chapter V Discussion and Conclusion